/* ============================
   ASIAN REVIEW – JOURNAL SITE
   Aesthetic: Refined Academic / Editorial Elegance
   Palette: Deep Navy + Warm Gold + Cream
   ============================ */

:root {
  --navy: #1a2744;
  --navy-deep: #0f1a30;
  --navy-mid: #243356;
  --teal: #3a9bbd;
  --teal-light: #5eb8d8;
  --gold: #c9a84c;
  --gold-light: #e2c877;
  --cream: #f7f3ec;
  --cream-dark: #ede7db;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --text-dark: #1a1a2e;
  --text-mid: #3a3a5c;
  --text-light: #6b6b8a;
  --border: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.25);
  --shadow: 0 8px 40px rgba(26, 39, 68, 0.12);
  --shadow-lg: 0 20px 60px rgba(26, 39, 68, 0.18);
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body {
  font-family: 'EB Garamond', Georgia, serif;
  background: var(--cream);
  color: var(--text-dark);
  line-height: 1.7;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }

.container {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 32px;
}

/* ========================
   HEADER
   ======================== */
#site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: var(--navy-deep);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
}

.header-inner {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 32px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 72px;
}

.logo-block {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
}

.logo-emblem {
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gold), var(--gold-light));
  border-radius: 6px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.logo-text {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.logo-main {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--white);
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}

.logo-sub {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  color: var(--teal-light);
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.main-nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 4px;
}

.nav-link {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
  padding: 8px 14px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: all 0.2s;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}

.nav-link:hover,
.nav-link.active {
  color: var(--gold-light);
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.1);
}

.hamburger {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 6px;
}

.hamburger span {
  display: block;
  width: 24px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--gold);
  transition: 0.3s;
}

.mobile-nav {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--navy);
  padding: 16px 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(201,168,76,0.2);
}

.mobile-nav.open { display: flex; }

.mobile-nav a {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
  padding: 10px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* ========================
   HERO
   ======================== */
.hero {
  min-height: 88vh;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy-deep) 0%, var(--navy) 50%, var(--navy-mid) 100%);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 80px 32px;
  gap: 60px;
  justify-content: center;
}

.hero-bg {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-shape {
  position: absolute;
  border-radius: 50%;
  opacity: 0.06;
}

.shape1 {
  width: 600px; height: 600px;
  background: var(--teal);
  top: -200px; right: -100px;
}

.shape2 {
  width: 400px; height: 400px;
  background: var(--gold);
  bottom: -150px; left: -80px;
  opacity: 0.04;
}

.shape3 {
  width: 200px; height: 200px;
  background: var(--teal-light);
  top: 40%; left: 30%;
  opacity: 0.05;
}

.hero-stars {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
}

.star {
  position: absolute;
  color: var(--teal);
  font-size: 3rem;
  opacity: 0.15;
  animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.s1 { top: 20%; left: 12%; animation-delay: 0s; }
.s2 { top: 35%; left: 8%; font-size: 1.5rem; animation-delay: 2s; }

@keyframes float {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
  50% { transform: translateY(-12px); }
}

.hero-content {
  max-width: 560px;
  z-index: 2;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease both;
}

@keyframes fadeInUp {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(30px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

.hero-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 2px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--teal-light);
  border: 1px solid var(--teal);
  padding: 5px 14px;
  border-radius: 100px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.hero-title {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 7vw, 6rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  color: var(--white);
  line-height: 0.95;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.hero-title em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-light);
}

.hero-subtitle {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--teal-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  font-weight: 300;
}

.hero-desc {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);
  margin-bottom: 36px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 14px 28px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.25s;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}

.btn-primary {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gold), var(--gold-light));
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  border-color: var(--gold);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(201,168,76,0.4);
}

.btn-ghost {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--white);
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.3);
}

.btn-ghost:hover {
  border-color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
}

.btn-outline {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--navy);
  border-color: var(--navy);
}

.btn-outline:hover {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
}

.hero-issn {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

/* Journal Cover Preview in Hero */
.hero-visual {
  z-index: 2;
  animation: fadeInUp 1.1s ease 0.2s both;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.journal-cover-preview {
  width: 240px;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 24px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.5));
  transform: perspective(800px) rotateY(-8deg);
  transition: transform 0.4s;
}

.journal-cover-preview:hover {
  transform: perspective(800px) rotateY(0deg);
}

.cover-inner {
  background: linear-gradient(160deg, #1c3a6e 0%, #0f2245 100%);
  border-radius: 4px 12px 12px 4px;
  padding: 28px 22px;
  border-left: 4px solid #0a1628;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  height: 340px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.cover-inner::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(58,155,189,0.1) 0%, transparent 60%);
}

.cover-label {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  color: var(--white);
  letter-spacing: 2px;
  display: block;
}

.cover-map {
  position: absolute;
  top: 60px;
  right: -10px;
  width: 160px;
  height: 120px;
  background: rgba(58,155,189,0.25);
  clip-path: ellipse(60% 50% at 50% 50%);
  border-radius: 0 0 60% 40%;
}

.cover-stars {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: rgba(58,155,189,0.5);
  margin-top: 4px;
  letter-spacing: 6px;
}

.cover-vol {
  display: block;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  background: rgba(58,155,189,0.25);
  padding: 5px 10px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  text-align: center;
  align-self: stretch;
}

/* ========================
   METRICS
   ======================== */
.metrics {
  background: var(--navy);
  padding: 52px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(201,168,76,0.2);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(201,168,76,0.2);
}

.metrics-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
  gap: 2px;
}

.metric-card {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 28px 16px;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  transition: background 0.2s;
}

.metric-card:last-child { border-right: none; }

.metric-card:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04); }

.metric-icon {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  display: block;
}

.metric-value {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.metric-label {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ========================
   SECTION COMMON
   ======================== */
.section-label {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 3px;
  color: var(--teal);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.section-title {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.5vw, 2.6rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

/* ========================
   CURRENT ISSUE
   ======================== */
.current-issue {
  padding: 90px 0;
  background: var(--cream);
}

.issue-meta-bar {
  margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.issue-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--gold-light);
  padding: 8px 20px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.issue-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 260px 1fr;
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: start;
}

/* Current Issue Cover */
.issue-cover-col { position: sticky; top: 96px; }

.issue-cover-wrap { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; }

.issue-cover-img {
  border-radius: 4px 12px 12px 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg), -6px 0 0 #aaa;
}

.cover-bg {
  background: linear-gradient(160deg, #1c3a6e, #0f2245);
  height: 360px;
  padding: 24px 20px 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.cover-title-text {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  color: #fff;
  letter-spacing: 2px;
  line-height: 1;
}

.cover-vol-bar {
  background: rgba(58,155,189,0.3);
  padding: 6px 10px;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  text-align: center;
}

.cover-art {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 0; right: 0;
  transform: translateY(-30%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.cover-dolphin {
  width: 180px;
  height: 100px;
  background: rgba(58,155,189,0.3);
  border-radius: 50% 80% 20% 60%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: relative;
}

.cover-dolphin::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -20px;
  left: 20px;
  width: 60px;
  height: 30px;
  background: rgba(58,155,189,0.25);
  border-radius: 0 0 50% 50%;
}

.cover-star-art {
  text-align: left;
  padding-left: 12px;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: rgba(58,155,189,0.5);
  letter-spacing: 8px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.cover-emblem-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.mini-emblem {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.3);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.6rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.cover-univ {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.55rem;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.cover-download-btn {
  display: block;
  text-align: center;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  background: var(--cream-dark);
  color: var(--navy);
  padding: 10px 16px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  transition: all 0.2s;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.cover-download-btn:hover {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--gold-light);
  border-color: var(--navy);
}

/* Articles List */
.articles-heading {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold);
}

.articles-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2px;
}

.article-item {
  padding: 20px 20px 20px 16px;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--cream-dark);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s;
  border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0;
  position: relative;
  background: var(--white);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto auto;
  gap: 2px 12px;
}

.article-item:hover {
  border-left-color: var(--gold);
  background: #fffdf7;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

.article-category {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  color: var(--teal);
  font-weight: 500;
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1;
}

.article-title {
  font-family: 'EB Garamond', serif;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  line-height: 1.4;
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 2;
  margin: 2px 0;
}

.article-authors {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-style: italic;
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 3;
}

.article-pages {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 3;
  align-self: end;
}

.article-arrow {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
  align-self: center;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--gold);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.2s, transform 0.2s;
}

.article-item:hover .article-arrow {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* ========================
   ABOUT
   ======================== */
.about-section {
  padding: 90px 0;
  background: var(--navy-deep);
}

.about-section .section-label { color: var(--teal-light); }

.about-section .section-title { color: var(--white); }

.about-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 60px;
  align-items: center;
}

.about-text p {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.about-text em { color: var(--gold-light); font-style: italic; }

.about-text .btn-outline {
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  border-color: var(--gold);
}

.about-text .btn-outline:hover {
  background: var(--gold);
  color: var(--navy-deep);
}

.about-facts {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
}

.fact-card {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
  border: 1px solid rgba(201,168,76,0.2);
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 28px 20px;
  text-align: center;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}

.fact-card:hover {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.08);
  border-color: var(--gold);
}

.fact-num {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.fact-desc {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px;
}

/* ========================
   SUBMISSIONS
   ======================== */
.submissions-section {
  padding: 90px 0;
  background: var(--cream);
}

.submission-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.submission-step {
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 32px 24px;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.submission-step:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); }

.step-num {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 2.8rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  color: var(--cream-dark);
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.submission-step h4 {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.submission-step p {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.submission-cta {
  text-align: center;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 20px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.submission-note {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

.submission-note a {
  color: var(--teal);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ========================
   EDITORIAL
   ======================== */
.editorial-section {
  padding: 90px 0;
  background: var(--cream-dark);
}

.editorial-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
}

.editor-card {
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 28px 24px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--cream-dark);
  transition: all 0.2s;
}

.editor-card:hover {
  border-left-color: var(--teal);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.editor-card.chief {
  border-left-color: var(--gold);
  background: var(--navy-deep);
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

.editor-card.chief .editor-role { color: var(--gold); }
.editor-card.chief .editor-name { color: var(--white); }
.editor-card.chief .editor-affil { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); }

.editor-role {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  color: var(--teal);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.editor-name {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.editor-affil {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

/* ========================
   FOOTER
   ======================== */
.site-footer {
  background: var(--navy-deep);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--gold);
  padding: 64px 0 0;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
}

.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.6fr 1.2fr 0.8fr 1.2fr;
  gap: 48px;
  margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.footer-logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.footer-emblem {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gold), var(--gold-light));
  border-radius: 6px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.footer-brand-title {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--white);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.footer-brand-sub {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: var(--teal-light);
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
}

.footer-about {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.footer-issn {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  border: 1px solid rgba(201,168,76,0.3);
  padding: 4px 12px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.footer-col h5 {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(201,168,76,0.2);
}

.footer-col p {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  line-height: 1.9;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.footer-col a:hover { color: var(--gold-light); }

.footer-links {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}

.footer-links a {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  transition: color 0.2s;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
}

.footer-links a::before {
  content: '→';
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: var(--gold);
}

.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--gold-light); }

.index-badges {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
}

.index-badge {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
  padding: 5px 10px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}

.index-badge:hover {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.15);
  border-color: var(--gold);
  color: var(--gold-light);
}

.footer-bottom {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
  padding: 22px 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
}

.footer-copy {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
}

.footer-bottom-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
}

.footer-bottom-links a {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.footer-bottom-links a:hover { color: var(--gold-light); }

/* ========================
   MODAL
   ======================== */
.article-modal {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.article-modal.open { display: flex; }

.modal-backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(10,20,40,0.75);
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
}

.modal-box {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: 12px;
  max-width: 720px;
  width: 90%;
  max-height: 85vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
  box-shadow: 0 32px 80px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
  animation: modalIn 0.3s ease;
}

@keyframes modalIn {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: scale(0.95) translateY(20px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1) translateY(0); }
}

.modal-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 16px;
  right: 20px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--text-light);
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}

.modal-close:hover {
  background: var(--cream);
  color: var(--navy);
}

.modal-content { padding: 48px 48px 40px; }

.modal-category {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 2px;
  color: var(--teal);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.modal-title {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.modal-authors {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--text-mid);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.modal-meta {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  padding-bottom: 24px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--cream-dark);
}

.modal-abstract-label {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy-deep);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.modal-abstract {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-mid);
  line-height: 1.85;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.modal-keywords {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.modal-keywords strong { color: var(--navy-deep); }

.modal-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ========================
   RESPONSIVE
   ======================== */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .metrics-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .metric-card:nth-child(4) { border-right: none; }
  .issue-layout { grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr; gap: 32px; }
  .about-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; }
  .submission-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .main-nav { display: none; }
  .hamburger { display: flex; }

  .hero {
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 60px 24px;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .hero-content { max-width: 100%; }
  .hero-actions { justify-content: center; }
  .hero-visual { display: none; }

  .metrics-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1px; }
  .metric-card { border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08); }

  .issue-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .issue-cover-col { position: static; display: flex; justify-content: center; }
  .issue-cover-img { max-width: 220px; }

  .editorial-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .editor-card.chief { grid-column: 1 / -1; }

  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; text-align: center; }

  .modal-content { padding: 32px 24px; }
}

@media (max-width: 500px) {
  .submission-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .editorial-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .about-facts { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
}